Spectacled bear (Tremarctos ornatus), also known as the Andean Bear and locally as ukuko, jukumari or ucumari, is the last remnant of the short-faced bear (subfamily Tremarctinae) and live near Florida bespectacled relative to the short-faced bears and bears of the Middle Pleistocene Pleistocene age End . Bespectacled bear is the only bear species surviving native South America, and the only surviving member of the subfamily Tremarctinae.
Spectacled bears are the only bear native South America and the largest land carnivores technically on the continent, even as little as 5% of the diet consists of meat. Largest South American carnivorous obligat is jaguar. Among the remaining South American, Native land animals, only the South American Tapir Baird and heavier than the species.
Spectacled bears are secondary species of bear. On the whole fur is dark, though bears can vary from pitch black until dark brown and even reddish hue. Species usually have special beige-colored marking on the face and upper chest, though not all bespectacled bears have "spectacle" markings. Pattern and extent of pale markings slightly different on each individual and bear bears can easily be distinguished with this. Male third larger than females in dimensions and sometimes twice their weight.
Males can weigh 100 to 200 kilograms (220 - £ 440), and females 35 -82 kilograms (77-181 lb). The length can range from 120 to 200 cm (47-79 in), with a long tail only 7 cm (2.8 in), and high shoulder from 60 to 90 cm (24-30 in). Compared with other living bears, this species has a round face with a relatively short muzzle and wide. On some extinct species of the subfamily Tremarctinae, facial structure has been considered an adaptation for the most part carnivorous diet, although priority herbivores modern Spectacled bears' diet.
They are found in parts of northern and western South America, including eastern Panama, western Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, western Bolivia, and northwestern Argentina. This species is only found in the Andes. Bespectacled bears have a reputation for being adaptable, as found in various habitats and the entire height range, including cloud forest, plateau grasslands, dry forests and desert scrub. Sometimes they can reach heights as low as 250 m (820 ft) but not normally found below 1,900 m (6,200 ft) at the foot of the hill. They even can range up to the snow line in the mountains more than 5,000 m (16,000 ft) in height.
Bespectacled bear is one half of the species extant bears commonly arboreal, as well as American and Asian black bears and sun bears. Collective human survival has depended in large part on their ability to climb even the tallest trees of the Andes. They tend to be backward from human existence, often by climbing trees.
When they reached the tree, they often build a platform, perhaps to aid in concealment, as well as to relax and keep food. Although Spectacled bears live alone and tend to isolate themselves from one another to avoid competition, they are non-region. They even have been recorded to feed in small clusters in abundant food sources. Men reported having an average home range of 23 km2 (8.9 sq mi) during the rainy season and 27 km2 (10 sq mi) during the dry season.
Women who reported having an average home range of 10 km2 (3.9 sq mi) during the rainy season and 7 km2 (2.7 sq mi) during the dry season. When approached by humans or other bespectacled bear, they will react in a docile but be careful, but the striker is seen as a threat or a mother her child at risk of extinction. Like other bears, mothers protective of their young and have attacked the hunter. However, no human deaths have been recorded by the state government of South America. Predators of tiger cub puma and jaguar, although the latter usually have very different habitat preferences. Generally, the only threat to the bears is human adults.
Bear longest living captive, at the National Zoo in Washington, DC, reaches the age of 36 years and 8 months. Age in the wild yet to learn but a bear is believed to usually live to 20 years or more.
Bespectacled bear more herbivorous than most other bears, usually around 5 to 7% of their diet is meat. The most common food for bears include cactus, palm nuts, bamboo hearts, light orchids, fruit that fell on the forest floor and palm leaves unopened. They also will peel back the bark to eat nutritious second layer. Most of these plants are very difficult to open or digest for most animals and teddy bears are one of the few species in coverage to exploit food resources. This bears also feed on planting crops such as sugar cane, corn and honey and have been known to travel on the line for fruit trees and bromeliad.
Game animals are usually quite small but bears can predate adult deer, llama and domestic livestock and horses. Game animals include rabbits, rats, other rodents, birds in the nest (especially the larger, ground-bird's nest), arthropods and carrion. They are sometimes accused of killing livestock, especially cattle, and fields of corn rob.
Unexpectedly, some bears become habituated to feeding cattle but bears are actually more likely to eat the carcasses of cattle and some farmers may assume bear bespectacled accidentally kill them. For fear of losing stock, bears can be killed.
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