Lion (Panthera leo) is one of four big cats in the genus Panthera, and a member of the family Felidae. With some males exceeding 250 kg (550 lb) weight, it is the second largest living cat after the tiger. Wild lions currently exist in sub-Saharan Africa and in Asia (where the waste is endangered population in Gir Forest National Park in India), while the other type lion had disappeared from North Africa and Southwest Asia in historic times. Until the end of the Pleistocene, about 10,000 years ago, the lion was the most mammal large land area after man. They are found in most of Africa, across Eurasia from western Europe to India, and in America from the Yukon to Peru. Lion is vulnerable species, having seen a large population decline of 30-50% over the last two decades [date missing] in the African region. Lion population can not be maintained beyond the appointed proposal and national parks. Although the cause of the decline is not fully understood, habitat loss and conflicts with humans are currently the greatest causes of concern. In Africa, especially West African lion population is threatened.
Lions live 10-14 years in the wild, while in captivity they can live longer than 20 years. In the wild, males seldom live longer than 10 years, as his wound from continuous battle with rival males greatly reduce their longevity. They typically inhabit savanna and grassland, although they may take to bush and forest. Lion is a common social compared to other cats. A pride of lions consists of related females and offspring and a small number of adult males. Female lions typically hunt groups together, chew most of the large ungulates. Lions are apex predators and key, even if they carry on as opportunity allows. While lions do not typically hunt humans, some have been known to do. Sleep, especially during the day, especially lions night, even bordering crepuscular in nature.
Very special, lion easily recognized by surainya, and the face is one of the most abundant animal symbols in human culture known. Filming has been there from the Upper Paleolithic period, with carvings and paintings from the Lascaux and Chauvet Caves, through virtually all ancient and medieval cultures where they once occurred. This was abundantly represented in sculptures, in paintings, on national flags, and in contemporary films and literature. Lion was kept at Menagerie since the time of the Roman Empire, and has been a key species sought for exhibition in zoos around the world since the end of the 18th century. Zoo cooperating worldwide in breeding programs for endangered subspecies of Asia.
Lion is the highest (in the shoulder) of all living cats, on average about 14 cm (5.5 in) higher than the tiger. Behind only the tiger, the lion is the second largest living felid in length and weight. Skull very similar to the tiger, although the frontal region is usually more depressed and flattened, with a slightly shorter postorbital region. Lion skull nose have wider openings than the tiger. However, because the amount of skull variation in the two species, usually, only the structure of the lower jaw can be used as a reliable indicator of species.
Lion color varies from light buff to yellowish, reddish, or dark ochraceous brown. The hamsters are generally lighter and the tail shaft of black. Lion were born with brown roses (spots) on their body, more akin to a leopard. Although fade as lions reach adulthood, faint spots often may still be seen on the legs and hamster, especially in the brown bear.
Lions are the only members of the cat family to display obvious sexual dimorfisme - that is, men and women seem quite distinct. They also have specialized roles that each gender plays in the pride. For instance, the lioness, the hunter, has a thick mane man. Color varies from brown male manes to black, generally becoming darker as the lion grows older.
Weight for adult lions range between 150-250 kg (330-550 lb) for males and 120-182 kg (264-400 lb) for females. Nowell and Jackson report average weight of 181 kg (400 lb) for males and 126 kg (280 lb) for females. Lions tend to vary in size depending on their environment and area, so prevalent in the weight recorded. For instance, lions in southern Africa tend to be about 5 percent heavier than in East Africa, in general.
Head and body length is 170-250 cm (5 feet 7 to 8 ft 2 in) in males and 140-175 cm (4 ft 7 to 5 ft 9 in) in females, high shoulders are up to 123 cm (4 ft ) in males and as low as 91 cm (3 ft) in females. Tail length 90-105 cm (2 ft 11 in - 3 ft 5 in) in males and 70-100 cm in females (2 ft 4 in - 3 ft 3 in).
Lion known the longest, almost 3.6 m (12 ft) in total length, is a male black-maned shot near Mucsso, southern Angola in October 1973, the heaviest lion known in the wild is the eater shot in 1936 in outside Hectorspruit in eastern Transvaal, South Africa and weighs 313 kg (690 lb). Other particularly outsized male lion, who was shot near Mount Kenya, weighed in at 272 kg (600 lb). Lions in captivity tend to be larger than lions in the wild - the heaviest lion on record is a male at Colchester Zoo in England named Simba in 1970, which weighed 375 kg (826 lb). However, often cited maximum head and body length 250 cm (8 ft 2 in) more appropriate to form the Pleistocene extinction, such as the American lion, even with large modern lions measuring several centimeters shorter.
Its most distinctive feature shared by both females and males is that the tail ends with a bunch of hairy. In some lion, sheaf hide a "backbone" hard or "spur", approximately 5 mm, formed from the end of the tail bone fused together. The lion is the only felid to have a tufted tail - a bundle of functions and spine are unknown. Present at birth, a sheaf grow around 5 ½ months of age and is readily identifiable at 7 months.
Lions spend much of their time resting and are inactive for about 20 hours per day. Although lions can be active at any time, their activities generally peaks after dusk with a period of socializing, treatment, and defecation. Intermittent spray activities follow through the night hours until dawn, when hunting most often occur. They spend an average of two hours a day walking and 50 minutes eating.
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