American alligator (Alligator mississippiensis), sometimes referred to colloquially as alligator or crocodile general, large crocodiles are reptiles endemic to the Southeast USA. This is one of two living species in the genus Alligator of the family Alligatoridae and larger than other crocodile species that still exist, the Chinese alligator. American crocodiles inhabit freshwater wetlands, such as marshes and cypress swamps from Texas to North Carolina. It is distinguished from the American crocodile sympatric by a wider nose, with overlapping jaw and dark colors, and less tolerant of sea water, but more tolerant of cold climates.
Alligators are apex predators and take fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals. Teens eat invertebrates. Alligators also play an important role in wetland ecosystems through the creation of "crocodile pit" that provides wet or dry habitat for other organisms. During mating season, males bellow and use infrasonik to attract females. Eggs are laid in the nest plant, wood, leaves, and mud in a sheltered spot in or near water. Young are born with yellow tape around their bodies and are protected by their mothers.
American Crocodiles registered as Least Concern by the International Association for the Conservation of Nature. Historially, hunting has devastated their populations and American crocodiles registered as endangered species by the Endangered Species Act of 1973. Further conservation efforts have allowed them to increase the number and the species was removed from the list in 1987. Alligators now harvested for skins and meat. Is the official state reptile species from three countries: Florida, Louisiana and Mississippi.
Crocodiles can live up to 30 to 50 years. In adult male American alligator, the average length of 3.4 m (11 ft), while the smaller women, the average of 2.6 m (8.5 ft). Sometimes, man, big old can measure more than 4 m (13 ft). There were reports during the 19th century and 20 more great men reached 5 to 6 m (16 to 20 ft). Reported the greatest measure of a man is killed in 1890 at Marsh Island, Louisiana and reportedly measured at 5.8 m (19 feet) in length but no voucher specimens are available from crocodiles that live in the muddy bank having been recorded as a was too large to move.
Adult male may weigh about 227 kg (500 lb) while females weigh about 91 kg (200 lb). Wild crocodiles range from long and short slender and strong, probably because of variations in factors such as growth, the level of diet and climate. Alligators have a broad nose, especially in individuals captivity. When the jaws are closed, the edges of the upper jaw teeth cover the lower jaw that fits the pressure '. As Caiman bespectacled, this species has a dorsal nasal bone, although less prominent. Dorsal, adult crocodiles may olive, brown, gray or black while their undersides beige. Total 74-84 teeth.
While on the ground, good with large alligator moving or walking, the last involving reptiles lift her stomach off the ground. Extensive than other crocodiles and alligators are not equal to the area of salamanders and lizards, which is similar to running. Thus two forms of motion can territorial terms "running low" and "high walk". Unlike most other states vertebrate, crocodile increase their speed through the distal end of the proximal limbs.
In water, crocodiles swim like a fish, moving hips and tail area from side to side. American alligator holds the record as having the strongest bite of any measured laboratory animals live, measured up to 9,452 newtons (2,125 lbf) in laboratory conditions. It should be noted that this trial has not been published at the time the paper was replicated in other crocodiles and laboratories being able to measure the strength of a larger bite of the saltwater crocodile. During respiration, the air flow in accordance with, the recurrence through the lungs during inhalation and production.
Some alligators are missing genes to inhibit melanin, which makes them albino. This alligator is very rare and almost impossible to find in the wild. They can survive only in captivity because they are exposed to the sun and predators.
American crocodile found in the United States most of the Southeast, from the Great dismal Swamp in North Carolina, south to Everglades National Park in Florida and west to the southern tip of Texas. They are found in the U.S. state of North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Florida, Louisiana, Alabama, Mississippi, Arkansas, Texas, and Oklahoma. Alligators inhabit marshes, streams, rivers, ponds and lakes. Women and youth are also found in Carolina Bays and other seasonal wetlands. While they prefer freshwater crocodiles sometimes enter brackish water more. But they were less tolerant of saline water from the crocodile as salt glands on their tongue is non-functional. A study of the crocodile in the north-central Florida found that men prefer the open lake water during the spring while the women used water district well and open heath. During the summer season, men still prefer open water while the girls stuck to the swamp to build their nests and lay their eggs. Both sexes may den under bank or trimmed trees for winter.
Alligators modify some wetland habitat, flat areas such as the Everglades, to build a small pond called "crocodile pit". This creates wet or dry habitat for other organisms, such as plants, fish, invertebrates, amphibians, reptiles and mammals. In the cypress swamps lime recession, alligator holes tend to be large and deep while in the marl prairie and rocky glades are usually small and shallow depression and those wetlands peat ridge and drop more different. Not appear to have a hole made a huge impact as a. Alligators are also able to control the long-term dynamics of vegetation in wetlands by reducing populations of small mammals, particularly nutria, which might otherwise over-grazing marsh plants. In this way, they provide important ecological services that may be important in reducing the loss of coastal wetlands in Louisiana.
American crocodiles are less susceptible to cold than American alligators. Unlike the crocodile, who will be giving up on cold and immersed in water at 45 ° F (7.2 ° C), crocodiles can survive in such temperatures for some time without any signs of discomfort. It is estimated that this is the reason why adapting American alligators spread farther north of the American alligator. In fact, the American alligator found far from the equator and be better prepared for cooler conditions than other crocodiles. When the water starts to freeze, crocodiles stick their snout even surface that allows them to breathe on ice.
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